時間：2011-04-18 00:52來源：藍(lán)天飛行翻譯 作者：航空 點擊：次
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AVAILABLE LANDING DISTANCE (ALD). The portion of a runway available for landing and roll-out for aircraft cleared for LAHSO. This distance is measured from the landing threshold to the hold-short point. AVIATION WEATHER SERVICE. A service provided by the National Weather Service (NWS) and FAA which collects and disseminates pertinent weather information for pilots, aircraft operators, and ATC. Available aviation weather reports and PCG A.16 forecasts are displayed at each NWS office and FAA FSS. (See EN ROUTE FLIGHT ADVISORY SERVICE.) (See TRANSCRIBED WEATHER BROADCAST.) (See WEATHER ADVISORY.) (Refer to AIM.)AWW. (See SEVERE WEATHER FORECAST ALERTS.)AZIMUTH (MLS). A magnetic bearing extending from an MLS navigation facility. Note: Azimuth bearings are described as magnetic and are referred to as “azimuth” in radio telephone communications. PCG A.17 B BACK-TAXI. A term used by air traffic controllers to taxi an aircraft on the runway opposite to the traffic flow. The aircraft may be instructed to back-taxi to the beginning of the runway or at some point before reaching the runway end for the purpose of departure or to exit the runway. BASE LEG. (See TRAFFIC PATTERN.)BEACON. (See AERONAUTICAL BEACON.)(See AIRPORT ROTATING BEACON.)(See AIRWAY BEACON.)(See MARKER BEACON.)(See NONDIRECTIONAL BEACON.)(See RADAR.)BEARING. The horizontal direction to or from any point, usually measured clockwise from true north, magnetic north, or some other reference point through 360 degrees. (See NONDIRECTIONAL BEACON.)BELOW MINIMUMS. Weather conditions below the minimums prescribed by regulation for the particular action involved; e.g., landing minimums, takeoff minimums. BLAST FENCE. A barrier that is used to divert or dissipate jet or propeller blast. BLAST PAD. A surface adjacent to the ends of a runway provided to reduce the erosive effect of jet blast and propeller wash. BLIND SPEED. The rate of departure or closing of a target relative to the radar antenna at which cancellation of the primary radar target by moving target indicator (MTI) circuits in the radar equipment causes a reduction or complete loss of signal. (See ICAO term BLIND VELOCITY.)BLIND SPOT. An area from which radio transmissions and/or radar echoes cannot be received. The term is also used to describe portions of the airport not visible from the control tower. BLIND TRANSMISSION. (See TRANSMITTING IN THE BLIND.)BLIND VELOCITY [ICAO]. The radial velocity of a moving target such that the target is not seen on primary radars fitted with certain forms of fixed echo suppression. BLIND ZONE. (See BLIND SPOT.)BLOCKED. Phraseology used to indicate that a radio transmission has been distorted or interrupted due to multiple simultaneous radio transmissions. BOUNDARY LIGHTS. (See AIRPORT LIGHTING.)BRAKING ACTION (GOOD, FAIR, POOR, OR NIL). A report of conditions on the airport movement area providing a pilot with a degree/ quality of braking that he/she might expect. Braking action is reported in terms of good, fair, poor, or nil. (See RUNWAY CONDITION READING.)BRAKING ACTION ADVISORIES. When tower controllers have received runway braking action reports which include the terms “poor” or “nil,” or whenever weather conditions are conducive to deteriorating or rapidly changing runway braking conditions, the tower will include on the ATIS broadcast the statement, “BRAKING ACTION ADVISORIES ARE IN EFFECT.” During the time Braking Action Advisories are in effect, ATC will issue the latest braking action report for the runway in use to each arriving and departing aircraft. Pilots should be prepared for deteriorating braking conditions and should request current runway condition information if not volunteered by controllers. Pilots should also be prepared to provide a descriptive runway condition report to controllers after landing. BREAKOUT. A technique to direct aircraft out of the approach stream. In the context of close parallel operations, a breakout is used to direct threatened aircraft away from a deviating aircraft. BROADCAST. Transmission of information for which an acknowledgement is not expected. (See ICAO term BROADCAST.)BROADCAST [ICAO]. A transmission of informa-tion relating to air navigation that is not addressed to a specific station or stations. PCG B.1 C CALCULATED LANDING TIME. A term that may be used in place of tentative or actual calculated landing time, whichever applies. CALL FOR RELEASE. Wherein the overlying ARTCC requires a terminal facility to initiate verbal coordination to secure ARTCC approval for release of a departure into the en route environment. CALL UP. Initial voice contact between a facility and an aircraft, using the identification of the unit being called and the unit initiating the call. (Refer to AIM.)CANADIAN MINIMUM NAVIGATION PERFOR-MANCE SPECIFICATION AIRSPACE. That portion of Canadian domestic airspace within which MNPS separation may be applied. CARDINAL ALTITUDES. “Odd” or “Even” thousand-foot altitudes or flight levels; e.g., 5,000, 6,000, 7,000, FL 250, FL 260, FL 270. (See ALTITUDE.)(See FLIGHT LEVEL.)CARDINAL FLIGHT LEVELS. (See CARDINAL ALTITUDES.)CAT. (See CLEAR-AIR TURBULENCE.)CATCH POINT. A fix/waypoint that serves as a transition point from the high altitude waypoint navigation structure to an arrival procedure (STAR) or the low altitude ground.based navigation structure. CEILING. The heights above the earth’s surface of the lowest layer of clouds or obscuring phenomena that is reported as “broken,” “overcast,” or “obscuration,” and not classified as “thin” or “partial.” |
